Similar to the above four proteins, both OE and AD lesions had significantly higher ERβ and GPER staining levels in both epithelial and stromal components than that in CT tissues (all P-values ≤0.0051; Fig. 2), but DE lesions had comparable staining to CT tissues (all four P-values ≥ 0.12). Here, GPER1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.