IL33 and esophageal cancer: In addition, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of immunosuppressive cells and play a crucial role in the formation of immunosuppression and promote the progression of cancers, including esophageal cancer.68 Recently, studies have revealed that IL-13, as a key mediator for IL-33, can significantly activate the expansion of MDSCs and Tregs in patients with esophageal cancer.69 Thus, current primary results suggest that IL-33 and its mediators might also contribute to the architecture of immunosuppression and angiogenesis in ESCC.