IL13 and eosinophilic esophagitis: For example, IL-13, as a key pathogenic cytokine in EoE and inflammation induced by IL-33, has recently been confirmed to enhance the infiltration of eosinophils into the esophageal mucosa in a STAT6-dependent and MID-1-dependent manner in TRAIL-deficient (Tnsf10(−/−)) or STAT6-deficient (STAT6(−/−)) mice.40 These findings imply that the effects of IL-33 on the development of EoE are via multiple mechanisms.