In our study, we also confirmed the association between E-cadherin loss and diffuse-type GC, echoing findings from Ascano et al. that reported significant E-cadherin loss in diffuse cases.22 However, some diffuse-type cases in our analysis did not show loss of expression, which reflects the heterogeneity observed in GC and highlights the need for more nuanced investigations into the molecular variations that may underpin these discrepancies. Here, CDH1 is linked to gastric cancer.