Three groups of healthy Wistar rats were randomly assigned: QKL-treated, normal, and model (ischemia-reperfusion). Bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion was performed to induce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of TGF-β1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in brain regions at various time points. Here, TGFB1 is linked to brain ischemia.