The 21st century has seen significant progress in GLP-1R agonist research, with liraglutide (exenatide) becoming the first GLP-1R agonist to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of T2DM in 2005 (Jensterle et al., 2022). The gene discussed is GLP1R; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.