Additionally, HSF1 also activates the forkhead box protein O3a (FOXO3a)-dependent transcription of ΔNp63α (p63 isoform in the p53 family) to promote the growth of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (Fig. 3A) 109. This evidence concerns the gene HSF1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.