BCL2 and neoplasm: Additionally, the suppression of anti-apoptotic proteins like Bcl-2 by 1,3-thiazoles has been associated with their ability to sensitize tumor cells to apoptotic stimuli, thereby overcoming resistance mechanisms.140,141 Our study aligns with these established properties of 1,3-thiazoles, further validating BTHP's mechanism of action as a potential apoptosis inducer.