TNF and Cachexia: A study found that patients with colorectal cancer-induced cachexia who adhered to a Mediterranean diet experienced significant improvements in weight, lean body mass, fat mass, and muscle strength compared to those receiving standard nutritional counseling (46).The Mediterranean diet was associated with decreased levels of inflammatory markers such as TNF-alpha, hs-CRP, and IL-6, which are crucial in managing cachexia and improving patient outcomes (46).