Importantly, these studies did not address the potential roles of DYRK1A overexpression–as is the case in T21-derived lymphocytes–, although Khor et al. (2015) did speculate on the fact that individuals with DS exhibit hypofunctional Treg cells and show an increased incidence of autoimmune conditions (Araya et al., 2019; Malle et al., 2023; Pellegrini et al., 2012). The gene discussed is DYRK1A; the disease is Autoimmunity.