CLDN18 and neoplasm: Consequently, they proposed that the combination of vilanterol and STING agonists sensitizes PDAC to CLDN18.2-targeted BiTE therapy, enhancing its efficacy as a promising new strategy (Zhou et al., 2024b).In summary, these studies have validated the utility of organoid technology for investigating tumor heterogeneity, paving the way for establishing a living biobank of multiple patients’ tumor tissues to study individual pathogenic mechanisms, which is crucial for targeted research and personalized drug testing (Magré et al., 2023).