HMGA2 and papillary renal cell carcinoma: Earlier studies had also reported associations between HMGA2 overexpression and aggressive cancer features in breast cancer [37], esophageal [29], gastric [27], pancreatic [14, 25, 30], pulmonary [31], and colorectal adenocarcinoma [34], squamous cell cancer of the tongue [39] and of the esophagus [35], papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) [36], hepatocellular carcinoma [38], retinoblastoma [32, 33], glioma [28, 40], and osteosarcoma [26].