A defining yet challenging aspect of immunotherapy, including ICIs, is its selective efficacy, hence, our overarching aim is to identify patient populations that respond to treatment.150 Current immunotherapy biomarkers include those related to tumor cells, such as tissues PD-L1 and soluble PD-L1 expression, TMB, dMMR/MSI-H, the quality and quantity of neoantigens, antigen presentation pathways, or specific genes (like TROP2 expression151) and chromosomal arm alterations,152 which can be evaluated through tissue biopsies, circulating cell-free DNA,141,153 or CTCs. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.