In contrast to HC samples, in ITP patients, apart from the connections between macrophage precursor cells (e.g., CMP, MEP, GMP) acting as “senders” and macrophages, B cells (including transitional B cells) also functioned as “senders,” while macrophages acted as “receivers” in the transmission of TGFβ signals (Fig. 5B-D). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.