AKT1 and ulcerative colitis: Dai et al. also observed that application of VSL#3 (a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium infantis and Streptococcus salivarius subspecies thermophilus) beneficial bacteria alleviates various ulcerative colitis symptoms in mice, including stunted growth, diarrhea, and fecal bleeding, while also inhibiting the PI3K-Akt pathway [38].