Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple genes associated with risk and severity of ARDS (Supplementary Table 2), including the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type F polypeptide (PTPRF), interacting protein 1 (PPF1A1), selectin P ligand (SELPL), FMS-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), BLOC-1-related complex subunit 5 (BORCS5), dual specificity phosphatase 16 (DUSP16), and Fps/Fes-related (FFR) genes. Here, PTPRF is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.