CD151 and cancer: These include proteinsthat occupy endosomal multivesicle formation, i.e., Alix and TSG101.Heat shock proteins such as Hsc70 & Hsp 90 along with the tetraspaninsCD9, CD63, CD81, and CD82, regulate exosome cargo sorting and release. The therapeutic cancer target CD151, or PETA-3,has shown that it is associated with sperm cells and mediates exosomebiogenesis, playing vital roles in cellular processes via integrinand nonintegrin proteins.