INS and Alzheimer disease: Regarding the specific features of each phenotype, altered biochemical parameters were observed for bU[−] subjects, which related to systemic IR (increased insulin and HOMA-IR and decreased ISHEC41), neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease (increased RDW46 and SFRP-137,39,47) and memory dysfunction (tranferases such as elevated ALT and GGT levels45,48).