Furthermore, we found that radiation upregulated the expression of various NKG2DLs in ESCC cell lines and improved the potency of NKG2D CAR-T cells-mediated attack in vitro and in a human ESCC xenograft model, suggesting that the combination of NKG2D CAR-T cells therapy and radiotherapy could be a promising treatment modality for ESCC. This evidence concerns the gene KLRK1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.