SASP components directly amplify tumor proliferation and invasion: EREG/EGFR signaling activation via the MAPK/AKT axis mediates chemotherapy-induced progression in prostate cancer (70), while MMP1 and MMP3 degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) components to facilitate glioblastoma and lung cancer metastasis (71). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and neoplasm.