PPARGC1A and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In addition to this, to better elucidate the mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effects of B. bifidum GM-25 5 mg, B. infantis GM-21 10 mg, and L. rhamnosus GM-28 1.1 mg and polycosanols 5 μg, BAT marker proteins such as PGC-1α and UCP1 involved in adaptive thermogenesis and the transition of WAT to BAT were also examined.