VEGFA and Myocardial fibrosis: These cells secrete a range of bioactive molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and exosomal microRNAs, all of which contribute to endothelial repair, inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and the reduction in myocardial fibrosis [5,9].