CX3CL1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In a study using peripheral blood from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), CX3CL1 was significantly higher in patients with bone metastases, and a prediction model using the serum levels of CX3CL1 and CCL28 showed robust predictive accuracy and validity for bone metastases in NSCLC patients [110].