SESN3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: To assess the diagnostic potential of SESN3, we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which demonstrated that SESN3 effectively distinguished the HFpEF and COPD patients from the healthy controls, with an AUC of 0.89091 in HFpEF and 0.74051 in COPD (Figure 4F,G).