Aggressive TC is associated with BRAF V600E, RET/PTC, and TERT promoter mutations, whereas NRAS, HRAS, KRAS, BRAF K601E, and PAX8/PPARG alterations are more commonly linked to benign nodules, non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTPs), or low-risk differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs). The gene discussed is NRAS; the disease is differentiated thyroid carcinoma.