In an OVX female 1-kidney deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt treated rat model of HTN, E2 replacement prevented DOCA-salt induced HTN and the underlying increases in GABAergic excitation in hypothalamic magnocellular arginine-vasopressin (AVP) neurons and subsequent increases in AVP release and plasma levels, likely through modulation of the expression/activity of NKCC1 (Cl− importer) and KCC2 (Cl− extruder) [138]. The gene discussed is AVP; the disease is hypertensive disorder.