NFKB1 and cervical cancer: In this study, we demonstrated that dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), a major capsaicinoid found in red peppers, enhances tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa human cervical cancer cells through the suppression of TAK1-mediated NF-κB and EGFR survival pathways.