In parallel, a study investigating colonic biopsies from children with IBD highlighted the role of a group of five proteins—Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal (FABP5), Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT/Visfatin), UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (UGDH), Leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat motif-containing protein, mitochondrial (LRPPRC), and Inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPA1)—in distinguishing affected individuals from healthy controls. The gene discussed is PPA1; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.