A univariate regression analysis of the clinical, biochemical and echographic features of the HFpEF patients found that age, life quality evaluated by 12-KCCQ scale, comorbidities (systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of stroke/TIA, chronic kidney disease, carotid artery disease, depression), elevated total cholesterol, uric acid, triglycerides and NT-proBNP levels, and anticoagulant treatment for atrial fibrillation were significantly associated with an MMSE-2 score < 24 (Table 2). Here, NPPB is linked to depressive symptom measurement.