TGFB1 and macular degeneration: The VEGF inhibitors ranibizumab and aflibercept have been widely used in macular degeneration [60], an age-related pathology encompassing angiogenesis and vascular destabilization in the eye, which may be pathomechanistically similar to PD-related fibrosis indicated by the activation of pathways including TGF-β or IL-6 [61].