This finding is in contrast with earlier studies identifying leptin as a biomarker of hepatic steatosis in individuals with obesity and the metabolic syndrome [35], but in alignment with more recent evidence suggesting that intrahepatic lipid accumulation is more strongly influenced by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and dietary factors than by leptin per se [36]. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.