In diabetes mellitus, SIRT1 activation is effective in preventing NF-κB, PARP-1, and MMP-9 activation by inhibiting their activation and decreasing the level of histone acetylation in the promoter region of the DNA (cytosine-5)-DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) promoter to effectively preventing diabetes-induced vasculopathy and mitochondrial damage [236]. The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.