The most common cause of foveal hypoplasia is Albinism although other conditions can also cause it, including Aniridia (due to PAX6 mutations) and Waardenburg syndrome in which foveal hypoplasia occurs without optic nerve misrouting, as well as Foveal hypoplasia, optic nerve decussation defects, and anterior segment dysgenesis (FHONDA) syndrome in which foveal hypoplasia and optic nerve misrouting both occur. This evidence concerns the gene PAX6 and foveal hypoplasia.