We found that in vitro exposure of EL4 cells to chemotherapy increased PD-L1 expression, thus potentially sensitizing tumour cells to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, which is in keeping with the findings of another study showing that radiotherapy increased tumour PD-L1 expression and sensitized EL4 tumours to ICB [44]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.