T1DM occurred in 2.8% of patients in combination therapy, 0.5% in anti-PD-1 therapy, 0.3% in anti-PD-L1 therapy, and 0.3% in sequential therapy of anti-PD-1 and PD-L1, and no patients developed T1DM in anti-CTLA-4 monotherapy (Fig. 1, Supplementary Table S2) (15). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.