Leveraging these advancements, we propose a Gal-modified LNP system (Gal-LNP-RSV) for NAFLD therapy, wherein a novel Gal-lipid conjugate—synthesised via a one-step 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDCI)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling reaction between galactosamine and carboxylated polyethylene glycol-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (HOOC-PEG-DSPE)—is incorporated as the fifth component to enhance hepatic targeting specificity. This evidence concerns the gene GAL and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.