These anti-HIV-1 genes include an shRNA against CCR5 HIV-1 co-receptor and C46 fusion inhibitor to protect cells against HIV-1 infection, and a truncated CD4-based CAR with 4-1BB costimulatory domain (D1D2CAR 4-1BB) to attack HIV-1-infected cells. Here, CCR5 is linked to HIV-1 infection.