Examples of genes with functional studies supporting their disease association, yet not meeting the threshold for genome-wide significance in GWAS, include KCNN4 in AD (Kosoy et al., 2022), PISD in ALS (Phan et al., 2023), EPHB2 in MDD (Zhen et al., 2018), and KCNQ2 in SCZ (Choi et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene PISD and Alzheimer disease.