INS and diabetes mellitus: A single-group, patient-blinded trial involving 16 T2DM patients demonstrated that glycemic control was superior in the AI group compared to primary and mid-level physicians, without severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (9). A 2023 study published in JAMA found that, compared to participants receiving standard care, those in the AI-supported group achieved significantly better outcomes in time to optimal insulin dose, insulin adherence, glycemic control, and diabetes-related emotional distress (10).