Oxidative stress is associated with insulin resistance.369 Advanced glycation end products, which are generated by glucose in a non-enzymatic manner, also promote ROS production and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and then induce insulin suppression via the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/forkhead box O1 pathway.370 Down-regulation of the mitochondrial fusion protein Mfn2 in the muscle and liver of diabetic patients also induces oxidative stress and leads to insulin resistance.371,372. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Insulin resistance.