JAK1 and allergic asthma: In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that E. multilocularis-derived EVs could alleviate macrophage M2a polarization and that encapsulated emu-miR-10a-5p can target LIF and inhibit macrophage M2a polarization via JAK1–STAT3 signaling, subsequently alleviating airway inflammation in OVA-induced allergic asthma mice (Figure 9).