As Per2 can target the Wnt/β-catenin signalling cascade in GSCs, the downregulation of important proteins associated with the stemness and invasiveness of GSCs, including c-Myc, MMP9, MMP2, β-catenin, and Wnt7b, might explain the tumor suppressive properties of Per2 in gliomas (Ma et al., 2020; Hakami et al., 2024b). This evidence concerns the gene PER2 and glioma.