MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as a major public health challenge in the 21st century, is characterized by progressive cognitive decline (Scheltens et al. 2021), with the core molecular pathological hallmarks of the disease being the formation of neurofibrillary tangles by aberrant phosphorylation of tau proteins and senile plaques made up of Aβ deposits (Hyman et al. 2012).