FAP and hepatocellular carcinoma: More critically, CAFs mediate therapeutic resistance through chemoresistance and targeted therapeutic barriers: CAFs deliver molecules such as miR-1228-3p via exosomes to induce resistance of HCC cells to drugs such as sorafenib; at the same time, activation status of CAFs (e.g., high expression of FAP) correlates with HCC postoperative recurrence and may be a therapeutic target [32, 35, 36].