IRF-5 function has been studied in detail in antigen presenting cells and tumor cells, where it regulates the inflammatory and anti-viral response (Barnes et al, 2004), macrophage polarization (Krausgruber et al, 2011), cell cycle (Barnes et al, 2003), and cell death (Hu and Barnes, 2009; Hu et al, 2005). Here, IRF5 is linked to neoplasm.