S100A9 and endothelial dysfunction: One notable limitation is the lack of sex‐specific analyses, which is particularly important given that estrogen‐mediated autophagy attenuation may contribute to improved survival and better right ventricular function in female PH patients.[49] Second, while we have demonstrated that neutrophils mediate endothelial dysfunction through the secretion of S100A9, whether this process further drives abnormal proliferation and dysfunction of smooth muscle cells remains unclear.