NOS3 and atherosclerosis: Vascular endothelial dysfunction is the initial stage of and plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis.[17, 18] Vascular endothelial shear stress can be calculated using Poiseuille's formula: Vascular endothelial shear stress = 4 μv/πr3, “μ” represents the dynamic viscosity of blood, “v” is the blood flow velocity, and “r” is the radius of the blood vessel.[3, 19, 20] Under physiological conditions, laminar flow and LSS activate eNOS, leading to an increase in NO release.