In this context, this article briefly describes the pathological process of hepatic fibrosis and focuses on reviewing the progress of clinical studies on mechanism-based anti-fibrotic drug development and therapy, highlighting that the positive effect of thyroid hormone receptor-β (THR-β) analogs, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) analogues, Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (pan-PPAR) agonists, fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitors, and hydronidone in reducing liver fibrosis caused by specific etiologies. The gene discussed is THRB; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.