PRAL and metabolic syndrome: In the fully adjusted model (Model b), which included additional adjustments for BMI (kg/m2) eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), gender, smoking, opium use, education, LVEF category, hypertension, prediabetes/T2DM, dyslipidemia, anticoagulant use, anti-inflammatory drugs use, anti-hyperlipidemic use, antidiabetics use, and physical activity, the odds of severe CAD increased by 1.57- to 1.8-fold across the PRAL quartiles.