S100A9 and tuberculosis: In our TB cohort, we also observed an upregulation of inflammatory markers such as S100A12, S100A8, S100A9, and RETN, which are associated with myeloid cell accumulation and inflammatory monocyte activity in TB (Blankley et al., 2014; Singhania et al., 2018b; Darboe et al., 2018; Roe et al., 2016).