TAFAZZIN and Barth syndrome: Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a life-threatening genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the TAFAZZIN gene (TAZ), encoding a transacylase involved in the remodeling of the mitochondrial phospholipid-cardiolipin (CL) (Vreken et al., 2000; Saric et al., 2015; Ghosh et al., 2019; Chin and Conway, 2020; Kagan et al., 2023; Vo et al., 2023).